Icelandic Sheepdog
Iceland's only native breed, a hardy spitz-type herding dog. Friendly, cheerful and devoted to its family, making a good companion, though it is vocal and sheds heavily.

Icelandic Sheepdog scorecard
Overview
The Icelandic Sheepdog is Iceland's only native breed: a small-to-medium spitz-type herding dog with a cheerful expression, pricked ears and a curled, plumed tail carried over the back. Hardy and weatherproof, it was developed to work the rough Icelandic terrain, gathering and driving sheep and ponies, and it remains a friendly, devoted family companion today.
Standing around 42–46 cm at the shoulder and weighing roughly 9–14 kg, it is a sturdy little dog with a thick double coat that comes in both short and long varieties. It is people-oriented and sociable, but owners should be ready for a vocal dog that sheds heavily, especially during seasonal coat changes.
Good to know — a Icelandic Sheepdog is best with a garden and good for first-time owners. Every dog is an individual, so meet a few and chat to a good breeder or rescue before deciding.
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History & origins
The breed arrived in Iceland with the Vikings more than a thousand years ago and is descended from the Nordic spitz dogs the settlers brought with them. Over the centuries it became indispensable for managing free-ranging sheep and ponies across difficult ground, and it is one of the few breeds known to drive flocks by working in front as well as behind.
Numbers fell sharply in the 19th and 20th centuries, with disease and imported dogs threatening the breed to near-extinction. A dedicated conservation effort, including work by the Icelandic Dog Breeder Association (Hundaræktarfélag Íslands), helped rebuild the population. The breed is recognised by the FCI and by the UK Kennel Club, where it is registered within the Pastoral group.
Temperament & family fit
Icelandic Sheepdogs are friendly, cheerful and affectionate dogs that thrive on human company. They typically bond closely with the whole family, are good-natured with children, and tend to greet strangers warmly rather than with suspicion, which makes them poor guard dogs but pleasant companions.
A defining trait is their voice. Bred to bark at livestock and to warn of approaching birds of prey, they are naturally alert and vocal, and will readily sound off at activity around the home. They are not aggressive, but the barking needs managing from puppyhood. They generally get on well with other dogs and, with early socialisation, with household pets, though their herding instinct may show as chasing or gentle nipping.
- Families with children of all ages
- Committed first-time owners
- Homes with a secure garden
Training & intelligence
This is an intelligent, willing breed that enjoys learning and responds well to positive, reward-based training. Their eagerness to please and natural sociability make them reasonably suited to first-time owners, provided the owner is consistent and patient.
The main training priorities are managing the barking and channelling the herding drive into acceptable outlets. Early socialisation, recall work and teaching a reliable "quiet" cue pay off considerably. They enjoy having a job and do well at canine sports such as agility, obedience and herding activities.
- Start socialisation & handling early
- Reward-based methods only — no harsh corrections
- Channel energy into training games & enrichment
Exercise needs
A healthy adult Icelandic Sheepdog typically needs 90 minutes to 2 hours a day (roughly 90–120 minutes), split across walks, play and a little training. Higher-energy dogs also need their brains tired — sniffy walks, training games and puzzle feeding go a long way. Puppies, seniors and dogs with health conditions need adjusted amounts — check with your vet.
Grooming & coat
The thick double coat sheds heavily, particularly during the twice-yearly moult, when daily brushing helps control loose hair. For the rest of the year, brushing once or twice a week keeps the coat in good order. The coat is naturally weather-resistant and self-cleaning to a degree, so bathing is only needed occasionally. Routine nail trimming, ear checks and dental care complete the grooming needs.
- Brush several times a week
- Bathe every few weeks or as needed
- Check ears, nails and teeth weekly
Feeding considerations
Feed a complete, good-quality diet appropriate to the dog's age, size and activity level, divided into two meals a day. Because they are an active but not large breed, portions should be matched to their workload and body condition monitored to prevent excess weight. Always provide fresh water, and avoid feeding immediately before or after vigorous exercise.
Icelandic Sheepdog health & costs
Before bringing a Icelandic Sheepdog home it pays to budget for the whole picture — food, insurance, grooming and routine vet care all add up. The figures below are typical UK estimates for a healthy adult; your real costs vary with where you live, your dog's health and the cover you choose.
Food
£400–600 / year
Complete food sized to weight & life stage
Insurance
£25–45 / month
Lifetime cover — varies by age, breed & area
Grooming
£120–300 / year
Occasional pro + home brushing
Routine vet care
£200–450 / year
Vaccines, flea/worm, annual check
The Icelandic Sheepdog is generally a robust, healthy breed, helped by the careful conservation breeding that rescued it from near-extinction. The relatively small founding population, however, means responsible breeders pay close attention to genetic diversity and health screening.
Prospective owners should buy from breeders who hip-score their stock and test for known inherited conditions, and who follow UK Kennel Club guidance. As with all breeds, keeping the dog at a healthy weight, maintaining dental care and staying up to date with routine veterinary checks support a long, healthy life of around 12–14 years.
Common health conditions to be aware of
- Hip dysplasia — a developmental joint condition; breeding dogs should be hip-scored before mating.
- Patellar luxation — slipping kneecaps that can cause lameness, seen in some smaller spitz breeds.
- Cataracts and other eye conditions — periodic eye testing of breeding stock is advised.
- Cryptorchidism — undescended testicles, occasionally reported in the breed.
- Dental disease — small mouths benefit from regular tooth brushing and checks.
These reflect typical, size- and coat-related risks for dogs like the Icelandic Sheepdog; individual breeds carry their own predispositions. Always buy from health-tested parents and speak to your vet — this isn't a diagnosis.
Protect against surprise bills
A single emergency can run into thousands. Lifetime insurance spreads the risk.
Estimate insurance →How pet insurance works →Puppy & senior care
Bringing home a Icelandic Sheepdog puppy
Puppies need controlled exercise (a rough guide is five minutes per month of age, twice a day) to protect growing joints, little-and-often meals of a complete puppy food, early socialisation, and a calm routine for toilet training and sleep. Book first vaccinations, microchipping and a vet check early.
New puppy checklist →Caring for a senior Icelandic Sheepdog
As they age, watch weight, joints and teeth, switch to a senior diet if your vet advises, keep exercise gentle but regular, and consider orthopaedic bedding and ramps. Twice-yearly vet checks help catch issues early.
Orthopaedic beds & mobility →Pros & cons
The good bits
- Friendly, cheerful and family-oriented
- Adaptable and good with children
Things to consider
- Vocal, with a tendency to bark
- Heavy seasonal shedding needs regular grooming
Compare the Icelandic Sheepdog
See how the Icelandic Sheepdog measures up against similar breeds before you decide:
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Frequently asked questions
What is the Icelandic Sheepdog's temperament like?
Icelandic Sheepdogs are friendly, cheerful and affectionate dogs that thrive on human company and bond closely with the whole family. They are good-natured with children and tend to greet strangers warmly rather than warily, which makes them poor guard dogs but lovely companions. They are naturally alert, sociable and people-oriented.
Do Icelandic Sheepdogs bark a lot?
Yes. Bred to bark at livestock and to warn of approaching birds of prey, they are naturally vocal and will readily sound off at activity around the home. The barking is not aggression but instinct, and it needs managing from puppyhood. Teaching a reliable "quiet" cue and keeping them mentally occupied both help keep noise to a reasonable level.
How much exercise does an Icelandic Sheepdog need?
As an active working herding breed, the Icelandic Sheepdog needs around an hour or more of varied exercise each day, including walks, free running and games, plus mental challenges. They appreciate space and a securely fenced garden. Without enough to do they can become bored, restless and even more vocal.
Do Icelandic Sheepdogs shed a lot?
Yes. The thick double coat sheds heavily, particularly during the twice-yearly moult, when daily brushing helps control loose hair. For the rest of the year, brushing once or twice a week keeps the coat in good order. The coat is weather-resistant and somewhat self-cleaning, so bathing is only needed occasionally.
How big does an Icelandic Sheepdog get?
It is a small-to-medium spitz-type dog, standing around 42–46 cm at the shoulder and weighing roughly 9–14 kg. Sturdy and weatherproof, it has pricked ears, a curled plumed tail carried over the back, and a thick double coat that comes in both short and long varieties.
Are Icelandic Sheepdogs good with children and other pets?
They are typically good-natured with children and enjoy family life. With early socialisation they generally get on well with other dogs and household pets, though their herding instinct may show as chasing or gentle nipping that should be redirected. Their sociable nature makes them a friendly, engaged family dog.
Are Icelandic Sheepdogs healthy, and how long do they live?
The breed is generally robust, helped by the careful conservation breeding that rescued it from near-extinction. Because the founding population was small, responsible breeders pay close attention to genetic diversity and health screening, including hip scoring. Buy from breeders who follow UK Kennel Club guidance; a typical lifespan is around 12–14 years.
Are Icelandic Sheepdogs suitable for first-time owners?
They can be, provided the owner is consistent and patient. They are intelligent, willing and respond well to positive, reward-based training, which makes them reasonably suited to newcomers. The main priorities are managing the barking and channelling the herding drive, so early socialisation and recall work matter. They dislike long periods alone.
Are Icelandic Sheepdogs good with children?
Excellent with children of all ages. As a general guide, Icelandic Sheepdogs tend to be patient and tolerant. Whatever the breed, always supervise dogs and young children and teach kids to interact gently.
How much exercise does an Icelandic Sheepdog need?
As a healthy adult, a typical Icelandic Sheepdog needs 90 minutes to 2 hours of exercise a day (90–120 minutes), split across walks plus play. Higher-energy dogs also need mental stimulation — sniffing, training games and puzzle feeders — to stay settled. Puppies, seniors and dogs with health conditions need less — ask your vet.
Do Icelandic Sheepdogs shed a lot?
High shedding. Coat upkeep is regular brushing — brush regularly to keep the coat in good condition.
Are Icelandic Sheepdogs easy to train and good for first-time owners?
Good for first-time owners. Icelandic Sheepdogs are generally a forgiving choice for first-time owners who put in early training and socialisation. Reward-based training and early socialisation help any dog.
Do Icelandic Sheepdogs bark a lot?
Vocal / alert barker. They can be quite vocal, so early training and enough exercise and stimulation help keep barking in check.
Are Icelandic Sheepdogs good with other dogs?
Sociable with other dogs. Early, positive socialisation with other dogs from a young age makes a big difference.
Do Icelandic Sheepdogs suit flats or smaller homes?
Best with a garden. A Icelandic Sheepdog is happiest with access to a secure garden and regular outdoor exercise.
Sources
- The Kennel Club (UK) — Icelandic Sheepdog breed information: https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/breeds/icelandic-sheepdog/
- Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) — Breed standard No. 289: https://www.fci.be/en/nomenclature/ICELANDIC-SHEEPDOG-289.html
- PDSA — Dog breeds and choosing a dog: https://www.pdsa.org.uk/pet-help-and-advice/looking-after-your-pet/puppies-dogs
- RSPCA — Dog care advice: https://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare/pets/dogs
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Every dog is an individual — temperament and needs vary. Please research thoroughly, meet dogs in person, and consider adopting from a rescue. This is general guidance, not a substitute for advice from your vet or a qualified trainer.